There was uncertainty about weather conditions and my time and inclination for weeding clarifying these uncertainties would have helped me further with rational choice but I did not bother to follow these up, so in the end my final selection was partly arbitrary. Several plant varieties met all my criteria.
(b) Rational up-to-a-point decision making helped me decide which plants to grow in my garden this summer.Detailed criteria were developed for both person and post and all applicants were assessed against those criteria. (a) I used rational choice to help in deciding which applicant to appoint to the post of ‘field assistant’ on a project I was managing.It was first coined by a key contributor to decision-making literature, Herbert A. The term satis fi ce describes a course of action that satisfies the minimum requirements to meet a goal rather than trying to achieve the maximum (biggest) or optimal (best) outcome. Any of them would satisfice (represent an adequate or ‘good enough’ decision), at least from the perspective of those disbursing the grants. Another approach would be to select one of the final six quite randomly. Some people would claim that you could continue to apply rational choice by going through further iterations of developing criteria and collecting data, but there will probably be diminishing returns from the additional effort. You assess the proposals systematically and still end up with six very worthy projects from which you can choose only one. Say, for example, you are allocating some small grants for local community improvements. In situations where there is more uncertainty and limited data available it might only be possible or desirable to approach certain stages of the decision-making process rationally. (ii) ‘Rational up-to-a-point’ decision making Sudden availability of a cheaper or more powerful alternative, or changes in the composition of the group it has to serve, are examples of the sorts of change that can occur that will affect the outcome of the decision. One example might be in deciding which computer to purchase to serve a group of people. This is mainly because new alternatives or criteria emerge at a later stage. In practice, you will rarely be making a decision in a static situation and may need several iterations of this type of process before you reach a decision. Assess the alternatives against the criteria.Develop criteria for assessment of the alternatives.Collect data on the range of alternatives.Identify the decision(s) that need(s) to be made.
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The aim is to identify and choose the best option in a particular set of circumstances by systematically going through a series of steps such as: This OpenLearn course provides a sample of level 3 study in Environment & Development Whether we are directly involved in decision making (and in what capacity) or how we are affected by decisions others appear to have made, also affects our perspectives on decision making. Decision making is, at times, such a dynamic process that it can be difficult to tell whether a decision is being made or not. Individuals and groups also have different preferences for how they make decisions and articulate what they do.
(My examples, above, of choosing what to eat or buy assume that I have a choice.) Variation in choice may also mean that one person has a decision to make and another does not. In practice, other options may still be available but it appears as though the decision has been made for you.
Yet others appear not to be made intentionally at all, but are dictated by sudden changes in knowledge or circumstances – for example, when trying to decide between one route and another and finding that one way is blocked. Some decisions are made rationally and logically, while others are made more instinctively or less consciously, sometimes based on the smooth performance of a practised skill. Just as there are different types of decision, there are also different approaches to decision making that are relevant in different circumstances. What processes do we go through in making these decisions about different possible courses of action? Are they the same every time? Are they the same for everyone? These range from simple – for example, choosing what to eat, which route to take to work, which products to buy in the shop – to complex decisions about changing jobs, moving house, choosing schools and participating as a member of a local community in planning decisions and improvements. We all make decisions in everyday life, both as individuals and in groups. Introducing environmental decision making Introduction
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